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3D model of the left wing skeleton of the ruby-throated hummingbird in mid-downstroke pose.
This partial wing skeleton from a female Ruby-throated hummingbird was created as part of a study of the hummingbird flight stroke (Hedrick et al., 2011). The bird in question weighed 3.43 grams, had a wing span of 10.7 cm and an exposed culmen length of 18.2 mm. The wing skeleton, extracted from a micro-CT scan of the bird, was posed to approximate the mid-downstroke configuration. Several bones in the scan are incomplete, notably the sternum and left scapula. Scans were performed at the Center for Nanoscale Systems at Harvard University, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN). Funding for this work was provided by National Science Foundation grants IOS-0923606 and IOS-0744056 to Bret W. Tobalske, Douglas R. Warrick and Andrew A. Biewener.
Hedrick, T. L., Tobalske, B. W., Ros, I. G., Warrick, D. R. and Biewener, A. A. (2011). Morphological and kinematic basis of the hummingbird flight stroke: scaling of flight muscle transmission ratio. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 10.1098/rspb.2011.2238
Specimen data for this specimen are provided under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license (CC BY 3.0)
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